Traditional soup broths appear to have antimalarial properties

New United Kingdom research has found that traditional clear soup broths, which are often touted as being good for our health, appear to have antimalarial properties.

Carried out by researchers at Imperial College London, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Trust and Eden Primary School London, the new study analyzed soups brought in by children at the school to see whether vegetable or meat soup broths could have antimalarial properties.


The recipes for the soups had been passed down through the generations for the treatment of fever, and the children came from diverse ethnic backgrounds, from across Europe, North Africa and the Middle East.

In total, the researchers tested 56 clear broths by incubating filtered extracts of each for 72 hours with different cultures of Plasmodium falciparum (P falciparum).

P falciparum is the deadliest of the malarial parasites, and is transmitted through the bite of an infected mosquito. The researchers wanted to see if any of the broths could stop the growth of sexually immature parasites which cause malaria, as well as block sexual maturation, which is the stage at which the parasite can infect the mosquito.

The idea to look at broths as a natural remedy came from the development of artemisinin-based combination therapies for malaria. Antimalarial artemisinin comes from qinghao, prescribed in traditional Chinese medical practice for over 2000 years to treat fever, in particular fever associated with malaria, leading the researchers to wonder if other “natural” remedies might also have antimalarial properties.

The findings, published today in the Archives of Disease in Childhood, showed that five of the broths were able to slow the growth of the sexually immature parasite by more than 50%, and in two of these broths, the effect was comparable to a leading antimalarial drug dihydroartemisinin.

In addition, four other broths were more than 50% effective at blocking sexual maturation, which could also potentially stop the transmission of the disease.

The researchers also found that although the recipes for each of the broths varied, there was no particular ingredient which was common to the soups with the strongest antimalarial activity.

However, they also warned that none of the active ingredients in the broths studied have yet been identified and tested in clinical trials.

The study is thought to be the first of its kind, and suggests that natural resources such as broth could help fight malaria, a disease which poses a risk to half the world’s population. In addition, the disease is also becoming resistant to the drugs used to treat it.

“The utility of any broth found to have antimalarial activity will, of course, depend significantly on standardization of soup preparation and ultimately identification of the active source ingredient, its fractionation and, towards its progression, detailed toxicology with first human cells and later preclinical trial,” said the researchers. However, they added that, “This journey, mirroring that of artemisinin from the Qinghao herb, may as yet reveal another source of potent anti-infective treatment.” RGA

source: technology.inquirer.net

Dengue taking its toll on kids in Bangladesh

DHAKA — Hundreds of children are among 5,500 reported cases so far this year in Bangladesh.

With dengue taking an alarming turn in Dhaka, Selina Begum did her best to protect her family members from the viral disease.


The mother of two applied sprays, used mosquito nets even during daytime, kept all her rooms clean and destroyed all the potential breeding sources at her home.

But still her son Tahsin Ibn Hasan, six and a half, got dengue fever. He was admitted to a city hospital on Wednesday.

“I was on alert. I was careful. Yet my son has dengue,” a distressed Selina, a housewife, told this correspondent at the hospital yesterday.

She suspects her boy was bitten by mosquitoes that bred somewhere in an under-construction building near her rented flat in Tejgaon.


Tahsin is among some 80 child dengue patients who were being treated at the Holy Family Hospital in the city’s Eskaton yesterday.

Talking to The Daily Star, Lutful Ehsan Fatmi, head of the hospital’s Department of Child Health, said the number of dengue patients was increasing every day.

The scenario there suggests that children, with their weak immune systems, were vulnerable to the disease, the physician said, adding that they never had such a large number of dengue patients at a time.

He termed the situation a dengue epidemic.

He also said most children were suffering from haemorrhagic dengue which means they would bleed from their organs. “It is quite dangerous,” he said.

On Wednesday, Dr Ezaz Ahmed, director of the private hospital, said they were treating 121 dengue patients that day.

Experts said the number of dengue patients in the city was on the rise due to various reasons, including a lack of awareness about the disease and its prevention.

The common symptoms include high fever, vomiting and abdominal pain. Child patients show the same signs as the adults, they said.

Data from the Directorate General of Health Services (DGHS) show that some 5,546 people had been infected with the virus between January 1 and July 18.

Five of them died.

The DGHS has detailed information about 2,176 of the 5,546. Of them, 645 are children up to 11 years old, 857 adult men and 674 women, said Aysha Akhther, assistant director of the directorate’s control room.

Doctors and hospital officials, however, said the actual numbers would be higher as many dengue cases go unreported. Besides, a large number of those patients are children, they added.

Asked about the issue, Prof Abdul Aziz, a former director of Shishu Hospital, urged all to stay alert.

“Every family needs to be extremely careful as Aedes mosquitoes breed in clean water. Mosquito sprays have to be applied on a regular basis,” he said, stressing on the need for taking child patients to hospitals immediately as their immune systems are not that strong.

He also suggested giving them adequate liquid food.

Kinkar Ghosh, an epidemiologist at the public hospital, said 168 dengue patients had been admitted there since March and two of them died.

The DGHS, however, does not have any data on the two, according to its officials.

Kinkar said the pattern of dengue this year has been a little different from that in the past. He said the patients were becoming critical just after the first day of fever.

Earlier, doctors used to advise patients to come to hospitals three days after catching the flu.

This year, they have also found new symptoms and effects, including loose motion, pneumonia and renal failure, said Kinkar.

The serotype of the virus has apparently changed, he said, adding that they were yet to find why.

On Wednesday, the High Court said the dengue situation in the capital was nothing short of an epidemic and slammed the two city corporations in Dhaka for their failure to combat the mosquito menace.

A number of city dwellers also complained that they did not see any steps from the two city corporations in this regard.

“In recent times, I did not find any activity of the city corporation. Neither did I hear any sound of a fogging machine,” said Nishad Sabera, a resident of Maghbazar.

Her daughter, Audrija Shampriti Joyeta, 14, has been undergoing treatment at the Holy Family Hospital since July 13.


“My daughter could not take a test due to dengue fever,” she added.

Contacted, Chief Health Officer of Dhaka North City Corporation Mominur Rahman Mamun said they were planning to create some groups, which would encourage people to destroy Aedes larvae.

The groups would also supply medical kits to all the healthcare centers in DNCC areas to diagnose dengue fever quickly. “The move will help ensure treatment immediately,” he said.

Dhaka South City Corporation Chief Health Officer Brig Gen Md Sharif Ahmed said they were emphasizing on building awareness on dengue through campaigns involving educational institutions, NGOs and mosques.

He said they would soon form 57 committees in 57 wards of the city so that mosquito breeding grounds were destroyed.

source: newsinfo.inquirer.net